高考英語(yǔ)的閱讀是一個(gè)非常關(guān)鍵的部分，想要讀懂文章的意思，除了要掌握字詞的含義，并且也要掌握一些特殊的句型，在閱讀文章的時(shí)候可以根據(jù)巨鯨和句型的轉(zhuǎn)化來(lái)判斷語(yǔ)義，因?yàn)橥粋€(gè)單詞的可能惠譽(yù)還幾個(gè)不同的含義，并且一些連詞和副詞的使用也是代表著不同的含義，所以在這些特殊的字詞額積累上，各位考生一定要重點(diǎn)下功夫，下面是小編根據(jù)歷年的高考以及模擬還早呢提給打擊篩選出的一些重點(diǎn)的字詞句，大家可以復(fù)習(xí)參考，希望對(duì)你有用。

【考點(diǎn)解讀】

一、倒裝

“倒裝句”從結(jié)構(gòu)上看有完全倒裝和部分倒裝兩種。謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞全部位于主語(yǔ)之前的稱(chēng)作完全倒裝;只將謂語(yǔ)的一部分(通常是助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞)放在主語(yǔ)之前的稱(chēng)作部分倒裝。

從實(shí)際使用看，倒裝有兩種功能作用：一是出于語(yǔ)法要求的語(yǔ)法倒裝;二是出于修辭或強(qiáng)調(diào)需要的修辭倒裝。

(一)完全倒裝

1. 表示方式或方位的副詞與介詞短語(yǔ)等置于句首時(shí)。常見(jiàn)的有： there, here, in, out, away, up, down, from, off, back, over, then,now, so, thus, in the room, on the wall等。

There exist different opinions onthis question.

Among the goods are Christmastrees, flowers, candles and toys.

*當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為代詞時(shí)主謂不倒裝。試比較：

Out rushed the children.

Out they rushed.

2. such置于句首時(shí)。

Such are the facts, and no onecan deny them.

3. 表語(yǔ)置于句首時(shí)。

Gone are the days when my heartwas young and happy.

(二)部分倒裝

1. 當(dāng)only放在句首，修飾副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)從句。

Only by shouting at the top ofhis voice was he able to make himself heard.

*only后面接句子主語(yǔ)時(shí)，不需要用倒裝句式。

Only with the greatest of luckdid she manage to escape from the rising flood waters.(2012·上海高考)

2. 否定副詞或詞組not, nor, never, hardly, rarely, few, seldom, little, neither, by nomeans, at no time, under no circumstances, in no way, at no time置于句首時(shí)。

Never in my life have I seen sucha thing.

Hardly do I think it possible tofinish the job before dark.

3. often, well, many a time, now and again等方式或頻度副詞(短語(yǔ))置于句首時(shí)。

Many a time has John given megood advice.

4. 在以下九個(gè)固定句式結(jié)構(gòu)中，句子可以部分倒裝。

(1)so+be/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)。

He used to do sports every day.So did I.

*在答句中，有些情況不用倒裝，這時(shí)，意義有所不同。

—Li Hua has made great progressin his spoken English.

—So he has.(意為“他確實(shí)如此”。表示對(duì)以上陳述的肯定贊同)

(2)neither/nor+be/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)。

The headmaster will not permitthe change in the course, nor will he even give it a thought.

(3) so ...that ...

So hard did he overwork that hefell ill at last.

(4) neither ...nor ...

Neither do I know it, nor do Icare about it.

(5) not only ...but (also) ...

Not only do I like painting, butI (also) take a course.

*此結(jié)構(gòu)連接主語(yǔ)時(shí)不倒裝。

Not only he but also his parentsare sick.

(6) not until ...

Not until my son had entered theuniversity did he realize the importance of time.

*此結(jié)構(gòu)中主句要求倒裝，但從句不倒裝。

(7) hardly ...when .../no sooner...than ...

Hardly had she sat down when sheheard someone knocking at the door.

No sooner had she stepped out ofthe house than it began to rain.

*這兩個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)都要求主句謂語(yǔ)用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。

(8)as/though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。

Try as I might, I couldn’t liftthe stone.

(9)虛擬條件句若有had, were, should時(shí)，可省略if, 從句部分倒裝。

Had they not helped us, we couldnot have done it so successfully.

Should he come, say “nobody in”to him.

Were I you, I would not make sucha decision.

*有時(shí)由于修辭或平衡句子的需要也可以用倒裝句，也可以不用。

On either side of the greatavenue stood many block buildings.

“I’m leaving for Sichuan tomorrow，”said Tom to his mother.

【真題分析】

一、單項(xiàng)選擇

1.(2018·北京卷)In any unsafe situation, simply _________ thebutton and a highly-trained agent will get you the help you need.

A. press B. to press C. pressing D. pressed

【答案】A

2.(2018·天津卷)It was only when the car pulled up in front of ourhouse ___________we saw Lily in the passenger seat.

A. which B. that C. when D. where

【答案】B

【解析】考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句。句意：只有當(dāng)汽車(chē)在我們房子前停下來(lái)我們才看到在乘客位置的莉莉。這里是強(qiáng)調(diào)句，強(qiáng)調(diào)句型結(jié)構(gòu)為：It is/ was + 被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分(通常是主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ))+ that/ who (當(dāng)強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)且主語(yǔ)指人)+ 其他部分。本題強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)only when the car pulled up in front of our house。故選B。#p#分頁(yè)標(biāo)題#e#

3. (2017·江蘇卷) _______ not for the support of the teachers, the student could notovercome her difficulty.

A. It were B.Were it C. It was D. Was it

【答案】B

4. (2017·天津卷) It was whenI got back to my apartment ______ I first came across my new neighbors.

A.who B. where C. which D. that

【答案】D

【解析】考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。句意:當(dāng)我回到我的公寓的時(shí)候，我首先遇見(jiàn)了我的新鄰居。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵司 It was開(kāi)頭，后面連詞首選hat，構(gòu)成強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，但需要驗(yàn)證，本句中去掉 It was和that，句意完整，所以確定是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，故選D。

5. (2016·江蘇卷) Not untilrecently ______the development of tourist-related activities in the ruralareas.

A. they had encouraged B.had they encouraged

C. did they encourage D. they encouraged

【答案】C

【解析】考查部分倒裝。當(dāng)not until所引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)放在句首的時(shí)候，主句要使用部分倒裝句。排除AD項(xiàng)，B項(xiàng)為過(guò)去完成時(shí)，上下文中并沒(méi)有體現(xiàn)出過(guò)去的過(guò)去的時(shí)間。句意：直到最近他們才鼓勵(lì)在農(nóng)村地區(qū)開(kāi)展與旅游業(yè)有關(guān)的活動(dòng)。故C正確。

6. (2016·天津卷) You are waiting at a wrong place. It is at the hotel ____ thecoach picks up tourists.

A. who B. which C. where D. that

【答案】D

【解析】考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句。句意：你在一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤的地方等待。大客車(chē)是在旅店接送游客的。使用強(qiáng)調(diào)句，結(jié)構(gòu)是: It is/ was強(qiáng)調(diào)部分-that-其余部分,如果強(qiáng)調(diào)部分是人,也可以用who,這句話(huà)強(qiáng)調(diào)的是地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ) at the hotel.

故選D。

7. (2015·湖南卷) Always ________ in mind that your main task is to get this companyrunning smoothly.

A.to keep B. to have kept C. keep D. have kept

【答案】C

【解析】考查祈使句。這是一個(gè)完整的句子，而that引導(dǎo)的是賓語(yǔ)從句，因此只能是祈使句。故選C。句意：永遠(yuǎn)記住，你的主要任務(wù)就是讓這個(gè)公司平穩(wěn)運(yùn)行。

【考點(diǎn)定位】考查祈使句。

8. (2015·天津卷) Only when Lily walked into the office ______ that she had left thecontract at home.

A. she realized B. has she realized

C. she has realized D. did she realize

【答案】D

【解析】考查倒裝。句意：只有當(dāng)莉莉走進(jìn)力公室的時(shí)候，她オ意識(shí)到她把合同忘家里了。本題考查only位于句首，引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，主句要主謂倒裝。根據(jù)時(shí)態(tài)和句意可知選D。

9. (2015·湖南卷) It was when we were returning home ________ I realized what a goodfeeling it was to have helped someone in trouble.

A. which B. that C. where D.how

【答案】B

10. (2015·重慶卷) Bach died in 1750, but itwas not until the early 19th century____ his musical gift was fully recognized.

A. while B. though C. that D.after

【答案】C

【解析】考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句。句意：馬赫死于1750年，但直到19世紀(jì)他的音樂(lè)天賦才被承認(rèn)。強(qiáng)調(diào)句與 not until連用。It be not until that…故選C項(xiàng)。由 not until引導(dǎo)的時(shí)回狀語(yǔ)從句位于句首時(shí)，主句應(yīng)部分倒裝，從句語(yǔ)序不變。如Not until 1998 did he return to his hometown. 直到1998年他オ回到家鄉(xiāng)。注意：當(dāng) not until引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)從句用于強(qiáng)調(diào)句型時(shí)，句子的主語(yǔ)不倒裝。如將上兩句改為強(qiáng)調(diào)句，應(yīng)為：It was not until 1998 that he returned to his hometown.

二、單句填空

1. (2016·新課標(biāo)II卷) but whatever it is, 70 (make) sure it’s a relief from daily stressrather than another thing to worry about.

【答案】make

2. (2016·新課標(biāo)I卷，閱讀B)When her daughter andson asked her to move to San Antonio to help their children, she politelyrefused. Only after a year of friendly discussion ________Ms Gaf finally sayyes.

【答案】did

【解析】考查only，狀語(yǔ)置于句首，句子用部分倒裝，所以此處用助動(dòng)詞did。

4. (2016·新課標(biāo)III卷，閱讀D)________(positive)anarticle, the more likely it was to be shared, as Dr.Berger explains in his newbook.

【答案】The more positive

【解析】考查the more...themore...結(jié)構(gòu)，越……就越……。

5. (2016·四川卷，閱讀D)The more fat you take in before bedtime, the ________(great)burden you will put on your body at night.

【答案】greater

【解析】考查the more...themore...結(jié)構(gòu)。

6. (2016· 江蘇卷) Not until recently________ (他們才鼓勵(lì))thedevelopment of tourist, related activities related activities in the ruralarea.

【答案】did they encourage

【解析】考查倒裝句的用法。根據(jù)句首的Not untilrecently可知，本句要用部分倒裝形式。

7. (2015·湖南卷) Only after talking to two students ________________ that havingstrong motivation is one of the biggest factors in reaching goals.

【答案】did I discover

【解析】考查倒裝句。句意：只有在和兩個(gè)學(xué)生交談之后，我才發(fā)現(xiàn)擁有強(qiáng)烈的動(dòng)機(jī)是達(dá)成目標(biāo)的最重要的因素之一。Only以及only所修飾的詞提前，句子部分倒裝。

8. (2015·湖南卷) It was when we were returning home ________________ I realizedwhat a good feeling it was to have helped someone in trouble.#p#分頁(yè)標(biāo)題#e#

【答案】that

【解析】考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。句意：我們?cè)诨氐郊視r(shí)才意識(shí)到幫助有困難的人是多么的令人高興。強(qiáng)調(diào)句型：It is/was +被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that +剩余部分。

9. (2015·湖南卷)Video games can be a poor influence if ________(leave) in the wronghands.

【答案】left

【解析】考查省略結(jié)構(gòu)。完整的結(jié)構(gòu)為…if theyare left in the wrong hands.

10. (2015·湖南卷) Always ________(keep) in mind that your main task is to get this companyrunning smoothly.

【答案】keep

【解析】考查祈使句。動(dòng)詞原形構(gòu)成祈使句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。

三、單句改錯(cuò)

1.There is not everybody that can draw so well.

【答案】There→It

2. Is it Tom that you saw yesterday?

【答案】Is→Was

【解析】考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句。應(yīng)用過(guò)去時(shí)was，從句與主句的時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)該是一致的。

3. Bob hoped it would be him who would be invited.

【答案】him→he

【解析】考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句。強(qiáng)調(diào)句式強(qiáng)調(diào)的是主語(yǔ)，用主格。

4. It is the people who is really powerful.

【答案】第二個(gè)is→are

【解析】考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句。本句強(qiáng)調(diào)的是主語(yǔ)the people，謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)，所以要將第二個(gè)is改為are。

5. It is at the gate where she will be waiting for me.

【答案】where→that

【解析】考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句。強(qiáng)調(diào)句式中只能用that引導(dǎo)句子的其他部分;如果強(qiáng)調(diào)的是主語(yǔ)，指人，可以用 who引導(dǎo)句子其他部分。

6. It was noon that we got to the small village.

【答案】noon前加at

【解析】考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句。強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)at noon。

7. It was since the bus broke down on the way to the station thatwe missed the train.

【答案】since→because

【解析】考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句。車(chē)拋錨是沒(méi)有趕上火車(chē)的原因，強(qiáng)調(diào)原因只能用because。

8. Where was it she found her lost necklace?

【答案】在she前面加that

【解析】考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句。強(qiáng)調(diào)句式的特殊疑問(wèn)句，疑問(wèn)詞+is/was it + that+句子其他部分。

9. Among them were a soldier who was wounded in the stomach.

【答案】were→was

【解析】考查倒裝句。此句為倒裝句，主語(yǔ)是a soldier，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。

10. Not until Mr. Smith came toChinadidn't he know what kind of acountry she is.

【答案】didn’t→did

11. While was walking along the street,Iheard my name called.

【答案】去掉was或在was前加主語(yǔ)I

【解析】考查省略句。狀語(yǔ)從句同時(shí)具備下列兩個(gè)條件: ①主句和從句的主語(yǔ)一致，或從句主語(yǔ)為it;②從句主要?jiǎng)釉~是be的某種形式。從句中的主語(yǔ)和be動(dòng)詞?？墒÷浴３Ｓ幸韵聨追N情形：

①連詞+形容詞：

Work hard when (you are) young,or you'll regret.

少壯不努力，老大徒傷悲。

②連詞+名詞：

Although (he was) a farmer, nowhe is a famous director.

盡管他曾是個(gè)農(nóng)民，而現(xiàn)在是位著名的導(dǎo)演了。

③連詞+現(xiàn)在分詞：

Although (he is) doing his bestin maths these days, he has still got no good marks.

盡管近來(lái)他一直在學(xué)數(shù)學(xué),但他仍然沒(méi)有取得好成績(jī)。

④連詞+過(guò)去分詞

He won't go there with us unless(he is) invited.

除非受到邀請(qǐng),否則他不會(huì)和我們一道去那里。

⑤連詞+不定式

He stood up as if (he were) tosay something.

當(dāng)時(shí)他站起來(lái)好像要說(shuō)什么。

⑥連詞+介詞短語(yǔ)

She looked anxious as though (shewas) in trouble.

她看上去很焦急,好像遇到了麻煩。

注意:當(dāng)從句主語(yǔ)和主句主語(yǔ)不一致時(shí),從句部分要么用完全形式,要么用獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)表達(dá)。例如:

When the meeting was over, allthe people went out of the meeting-room.

當(dāng)會(huì)議結(jié)束時(shí),人們都走出了會(huì)議室。

12. You must attend the meetingunless it inconvenient to you.

【答案】

【對(duì)點(diǎn)測(cè)試】

一、單項(xiàng)選擇

1. (2018·宿遷三校質(zhì)檢)These problems, ________， will seriouslyaffect the growth of teenagers and even the nation’s future.

A. not if solved properly B. if solved properly

C. not if properly solved D. if not solved properly

【答案】D

【解析】考查省略句。句意：這些問(wèn)題， 如果不妥善處理的話(huà)， 將嚴(yán)重影響青少年的成長(zhǎng)， 甚至國(guó)家的未來(lái)。 句子的主語(yǔ)是solve的動(dòng)作承受者。 從句完整的形式為“if they are not solvedproperly”， 因?yàn)橹鲝木渲髡Z(yǔ)一致且從句中有be動(dòng)詞， 可以把從句中的主語(yǔ)和be動(dòng)詞一起省略。 故選D。

2. (2018·江蘇高考?jí)狠S卷)Success is not final, and failure is not deadly. It is, you know,the courage to continue ________ counts in life.

A. that B. which C. where D. when

【答案】A

3. (2018·宿遷模擬)It was not the word you said ________angered Mr. Zhang, but________ you said it.

A. that; how B.which; what

C. that; that D.which; why

【答案】A#p#分頁(yè)標(biāo)題#e#

【解析】考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句和名詞性從句。 句意：不是你說(shuō)的話(huà)激怒了張老師， 而是你說(shuō)話(huà)的方式(激怒了他)。 第一空填that, 與It was構(gòu)成強(qiáng)調(diào)句型;第二空填how, how表方式， 在此引導(dǎo)名詞性從句。

4. Only after the teacher explained it to me a second time________ the question.

A. I did understand B. did I understand

C. I had understood D. had I understood

【答案】B

【解析】考查倒裝句。 句意：只有在老師向我再次解釋以后我才明白這個(gè)問(wèn)題。 “only+狀語(yǔ)”位于句首時(shí)， 句子要用部分倒裝， 且根據(jù)explained可知， 用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，故選B項(xiàng)。

5. (2018·天津六校聯(lián)考) ________, they couldn’t make her change her mind.

A. Hard as they tried B. Tried hard as they

C. As they tried hard D. They tried as hard

【答案】A

【解析】考查倒裝句。句意：盡管他們盡力了，但他們還是沒(méi)能讓她改變主意。as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)可以把狀語(yǔ)或者表語(yǔ)放于句子的前面，采用部分倒裝的形式，故選A項(xiàng)。

6. The director was fully convinced that this moving story, if________for television, would be a hit.

A. adapted B. being adapted

C. to be adapted D. having been adapted

【答案】A

【解析】考查省略。 此處為條件狀語(yǔ)從句中的省略， 省略了主語(yǔ)及系動(dòng)詞， 補(bǔ)全后為if it wasadapted for television, 因此選擇A。

7. Hey, look at your pale face; you must have stayed up latelast night, ________?

A. have you B. haven’t you C. did you D. didn’t you

【答案】D

8. (2018·北京西城區(qū)高三模擬)You should be fully prepared before going walking in the mountain.Above all, ________plenty of drinking water with you.

A. to bring B. brought C. bringing D. bring

【答案】D

【解析】考查祈使句。 句意：去山里散步之前你應(yīng)該做好充分的準(zhǔn)備。 最重要的是要帶足夠多的飲用水。 分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)及語(yǔ)境可知后一句缺少謂語(yǔ)，故選D項(xiàng)。 此處為祈使句結(jié)構(gòu)。

9. Then________, each waiting for the other to let the cat outof the bag.

A. did the silence come B.came the silence

C. the silence coming D.the silence came

【答案】B

【解析】考查倒裝句。 在題干中， 副詞“Then”位于句首時(shí)， 句子應(yīng)使用全部倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，由此可排除未使用倒裝的C、D兩項(xiàng); A項(xiàng)為部分倒裝形式， 也可排除; B項(xiàng)為全部倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。

10. (2018·南京、鹽城高三模擬)To my surprise, when I opened the door, outside theclassroom________，with flowers in his hands.

A. the naughty boy did stand B. the naughty boy stood

C. did the naughty boy stand D. stood the naughty boy

【答案】D

【解析】考查倒裝。句意：令我驚訝的是，當(dāng)我開(kāi)門(mén)的時(shí)候，那個(gè)淘氣的男孩手拿鮮花站在教室外面。介詞短語(yǔ)作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)置于句首，且主語(yǔ)為名詞，所以應(yīng)使用完全倒裝，應(yīng)選擇D。

二、單句填空

1.(2018·廣西荊州中學(xué)四次質(zhì)檢)________ is no doubt thathuman activity, which does great harm to the environment, is the main cause.

【答案】There

【解析】句意為：毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)，非常危害環(huán)境的人類(lèi)活動(dòng)是主要原因。“There is no doubtthat...”為固定句型，意為：毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)……。

2.(2018·天津河西區(qū)二模)________ (get) to the top ofthe tower building, where you can see the whole city.

【答案】Get

【解析】“________ (get) to the top of the towerbuilding”為祈使句，故設(shè)空處填Get。

3.(2018·江西樟樹(shù)中學(xué)等六校一聯(lián))In that way，World Read Aloud Day ________(do)help make a difference.

【答案】does

4.(2018·廣西荊州中學(xué)四次質(zhì)檢)Only then ________ werealize there was an earthquake.I was too frightened to move.

【答案】did

【解析】句意為：只有在那時(shí)我們才意識(shí)到地震發(fā)生了。我太害怕了以至于一動(dòng)不動(dòng)。“Only+狀語(yǔ)”位于句首，后面的句子需要部分倒裝。本句介紹的是過(guò)去的事情，需用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，故填did。

5.(2018·江蘇連云港灌南華僑雙語(yǔ)學(xué)校月考)Now，just in front of the house ________(stand) a tall tree with ahistory of 100 years.

【答案】stands

【解析】句意為：現(xiàn)在，就在這座房子前面聳立著一棵有100年歷史的大樹(shù)。表示地點(diǎn)的介詞短語(yǔ)置于句首，且主語(yǔ)是名詞，后面的主語(yǔ)、謂語(yǔ)部分需用全部倒裝形式;根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)Now可推知設(shè)空處需用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí);本句主語(yǔ)為單數(shù)第三人稱(chēng)，故填stands。

6.(2018·江西新余一中、宜春一中聯(lián)考)Are you too old forfairy tales?If you think ________， Copenhagen is sure to change your mind.

【答案】so

【解析】句意為：你是不是老得連童話(huà)都不想聽(tīng)了?如果你這樣認(rèn)為，哥本哈根肯定會(huì)改變你的想法。本句考查省略。so被置于believe，hope，suppose，think等動(dòng)詞后以避免重復(fù)。本句中so用來(lái)代替you are too old for fairy tales。

7.(2018·廣西四地七校聯(lián)考)In recent years，stress has been regarded as a cause of medical problems.However，like so many other things，it is only toomuch stress ________ does you harm.#p#分頁(yè)標(biāo)題#e#

【答案】that

8.(2018·江西九江高三一模)I was in trouble inovercoming my addiction to alcohol，and ________ was myfriend Mike.

【答案】so

【解析】根據(jù)句意判斷，所填的詞要能表達(dá)出后一種情況與前面情況相同這一意義，故用so，構(gòu)成“so+謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)”這種倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“……也……”。

9.(2018·江蘇蘇錫常鎮(zhèn)四市調(diào)研)One has reason to believethat China's anti­corruption over the past few years，tough ________ it is，has achieved inspiringprogress.

【答案】as/though

【解析】句意為：有理由相信在過(guò)去的幾年里中國(guó)的反腐活動(dòng)取得了令人鼓舞的成就，雖然該活動(dòng)很艱難。as/though引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)采用了形式倒裝。

10.(2018·安徽百校論壇二次聯(lián)考)It is how you handle eachchallenge ________ counts.

【答案】that

【解析】句意為：你怎樣處理每一個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)很重要。本題考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型(It is/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that/who+ 其他成分)。本句中被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分為how you handle each challenge，表示“非人”，故填that。

三、單句改錯(cuò)

1.(2018·山西重點(diǎn)中學(xué)協(xié)作體一模)When taken exams, wesometimes cheat in order to get good results to make our parents and teacherspleased.

【答案】taken→taking

【解析】句意為：當(dāng)我們參加考試時(shí)，為了取得好結(jié)果來(lái)使我們的父母和老師高興，我們有時(shí)會(huì)作弊。本題考查省略。將句子補(bǔ)全后為：When we are taking exams，we sometimes cheatin order to get good results to make our parents and teachers pleased.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句主語(yǔ)與主句主語(yǔ)一致，且從句中含有be動(dòng)詞時(shí)，可將從句主語(yǔ)和be動(dòng)詞去掉，故將taken改為taking。

2.(2018·山東菏澤一模)As is known to us all, somestudents have breakfast regularly whileothers don't. There is several reasons.

【答案】is→are

【解析】句意為：眾所周知，一些學(xué)生有規(guī)律地吃早餐而其他學(xué)生并非如此。這有幾個(gè)原因。there be句型中，be要和后面的主語(yǔ)保持一致，本句中several reasons為復(fù)數(shù)形式，故將There is改為T(mén)here are。

3.(2018·湖南衡陽(yáng)市八中、永州市四中一聯(lián))It is working in teamsinstead of on my own which has freed me from trouble and made my work moreefficient.

【答案】which→that

4.(2018·河北衡水中學(xué)三次調(diào)研)Once upon a time, it was aboy whose parents named him Odd.

【答案】it→there

【解析】句意為：從前有一個(gè)男孩兒，他的父母給他取名叫Odd。本題考查“there be”句型，意為：有……。

5.(2018·山東濰坊一模)My dear friends, don't afraidof problems，but take advantage of them to be the bestof ourselves.

【答案】don't后加be

【解析】句意為：我親愛(ài)的朋友，不要害怕問(wèn)題，而要充分利用問(wèn)題使我們自己成為最佳。“don'tafraid of problems”為祈使句的否定形式，形容詞afraid前需加上系動(dòng)詞be。

6.(2018·廣西襄陽(yáng)四校聯(lián)考)Just as the old saying goes，“Happiness lies in contentment.”Only in thisway we relax ourselves and achieve more progress.

【答案】way后加can或者will

【解析】當(dāng)“only+狀語(yǔ)”位于句首時(shí)，要用部分倒裝。

7.(2018·湖南長(zhǎng)郡中學(xué)等四校聯(lián)考)There has a big library inour school.

【答案】has→is

【解析】句意為：我們學(xué)校有一個(gè)很大的圖書(shū)館。本題考查there be句型。沒(méi)有there have/has句型。

8.(2018·福建福州八中高三質(zhì)檢)Therefore，it was no doubt that I was left alone，sufferingfrom loneliness and failure.

【答案】it→there

【解析】there is no doubt that...是一個(gè)固定句型，意為“毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)”。

9.(2018·湖南株洲教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測(cè))How an interesting countryto live in!

【答案】How→What

【解析】根據(jù)后面的名詞country可知，應(yīng)用what引起感嘆。

10.(2018·湖南長(zhǎng)沙一模)Doing as well as you can today,and perhaps you may be able to do better tomorrow.

【答案】Doing→Do

【解析】該句為“祈使句+and+陳述句”結(jié)構(gòu)，祈使句句首應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞原形，故將Doing改為Do。

四、單句翻譯(倒裝句、省略句、強(qiáng)調(diào)句)

1. 假如我是一只小鳥(niǎo)，我就能自由翱翔。

【答案】Were I a bird,I could fly freely.

2. 雨停了之后他才離開(kāi)這房間。

【答案】Not until the rain stopped did he leave theroom. =He didn’t leave the room until the rain stopped.

【解析】對(duì)于not…until句型，當(dāng)notuntil…位于句首時(shí)，其后的主句要用倒裝語(yǔ)序。

3. 你的建議使我高興但使湯姆生氣。

【答案】Your advice made me happy but (your advicemade) Tom angry.

【解析】在并列句中后邊的分句可以省略與前邊分句中相同的成分。

4. 這次展覽比被預(yù)料的有趣的多。

【答案】The exhibition is more interesting than(itwas) expected.

【解析】當(dāng)狀語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)與主句的主語(yǔ)一致時(shí)，可以省略狀語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)和系動(dòng)詞be，這時(shí)從句中可出現(xiàn)如下結(jié)構(gòu)：#p#分頁(yè)標(biāo)題#e#

(1)連詞(as,as if,once)+名詞;

(2)連詞(though,whether,when)+形容詞;

(3)連詞(whether,asif, while)+介詞短語(yǔ);

(4)連詞(when,while,though) +現(xiàn)在分詞;

(5)連詞(when, if, evenif, unless, once, until,than,as)+過(guò)去分詞;

(6)連詞(as if, as though)+不定式。

5. 我想知道什么是什么使你如此優(yōu)秀。

【答案】I wander what it is that makes you so excellent.